The Electric Power Consumption

The Electric Power Consumption In parallel with swift economic growth, energy demand and consumption grow at a faster rate. Like other countries, Malaysia heavily relies upon fossil fuels as their primary energy source in generating electricity. At production level in 2005, it is proven that oil reserves in Malaysia are expected to last another 19 years while natural gas reserves are expected to last for about 33 years (Apec energy demand,). Hence, a crucial move needs to be done to diverse energy source in order to delay the energy depletion as well as to meet the current energy demand. Referring to Figure 1.1, Malaysiaà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s primary energy demand is projected grow at an annual rate of 3.5 percent, to reach 146.7Mtoe in 2030, a 2.6-fold increase from 2002. Energy demand continues to rise in order to meet the rising electricity demand (Apec energy demand,). In addition, combustion of fossil fuel in electricity generation contributes significantly to air pollution as it emits greenhouse gases which lead to global warming. Referring to Figure 1.2, electric power consumption (kWh per Capita) in Malaysia was reported at about 800 in 1985, at 3428 in 2008 and finally risen up to 3613.53 in 2009 (Electric power consumption, ). This also indicates that the rate of GHGs emission rises over years. Some renewable energy sources such as solar energy, hydropower and biomass are promising alternative energy sources in reducing the dependency of fossil fuel and to diversify energy sources, as well as to reduce pollution to the environment. The future success of bioenergy developments in Malaysia depend on many factors, such as the policy framework conditions, the availability of suitable and high efficient conversion technologies, the long term and cost effective biomass fuels supply security, and the impacts on environmental and social issues. Malaysia is a tropical country and the climate is providing an excellent environment for biomass production. Also, Malaysia is known as one of the leading producers of paddy and is endowed with abundance of agricultural biomass resources. Bioenergy is the most important renewable energy in use today. The demand for biomass as energy source will inevitably increase over time, putting pressure on fuel supply security and associated topics. If sustainability requirements do not receive the necessary consideration, this pressure might affect pricing for agricultural products and food security supply aspects too. For this reason, the use of agricultural residues as energy sources offers a promising opportunity to promote the future development of bioenergy utilisation. Since using agricultural residues as energy sources will not interfere with food security, such fuels will meet the requirements for a future sustainable based energy supply. Problem Statement Normally, paddy cultivation leaves a huge amount of paddy waste such as paddy straws and paddy husks. Although there are a few methods in reusing paddy straws, such as animal feed, cooking fuel, a significant amount of paddy straw remains unused and in order to get rid of the paddy waste, open burning of paddy waste is the most common way, contributing environmental and safety issues, such as air pollution and fire disaster. However, paddy waste is a very useful organic material in producing biogas through anaerobic digestion, thus providing an alternative use and mitigating the pollution problems. In order to utilise biogas produced by paddy waste, conversion techniques have to be technically efficient, economically competitive and environmentally friendly. Biogas and its Potential of Paddy Waste Biogas is generated by the digestion of biodegradable organic wastes in the absence of oxygen, so called anaerobic process. A range of organic wastes can be used as raw materials for the production of biogas; they are agricultural wastes, animal manure, sewage sludge and many more. The major component of biogas, which is methane, is nowadays considered as one of the most important source of energy for heating and electricity generation as well as vehicle fuel. Aims and Objectives As a whole, the aim of this project is to study the production and utilisation of biogas from paddy waste. Several specific objectives are listed as follows: To review current status of energy demand and consumption in Malaysia. To understand the technologies available for biomass power plant, develop and incorporate a concept of sustainable process in the current technologies. To determine process equipments sequence and create process flow diagram. To perform process mass balances through the simulation of the entire system. To access safety and health factors in designing and minimise impacts to the environment. To consider other factors for a successful and sustainable system and operation.

Essay --

Austin Gutierrez Mr. Saluga Honors English 10 14 January, 2014 Physical Therapists When the occupation of â€Å"Physical Therapist† or â€Å"PT’ is mentioned, most people would think of a professional that works to rehabilitate athletes. This is partially correct because not only do physical therapists work at athletic facilities, but at hospitals, nursing homes, and physician offices as well (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Physical therapists work hard and stay on their feet constantly to help someone to the best of their ability (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Being a physical therapist is a spectacular job option for those who will focus on their education, licensing, and training to flourish in a job territory that is vastly increasing. To become a successful physical therapist, a large amount of education, experience, and licensing is needed. Prior to entering college, it would be in ones best interest to take the courses anatomy, biology, physics, and health. These courses can grant the individual background information and assist when going through tougher courses later in life. The first plan of action for someone pursuing this career path would be to earn their Bachelor’s Degree consisting of undergraduate/ pre PT courses. After obtaining this degree, the individual is able to attempt his Doctor of Physical Therapy Degree or â€Å"DPT†. Content areas during both of these programs include the aforementioned suggested courses plus other topics such as finance, clinical reasoning, evidence-based practice, endocrine/metabolic functioning, and musculoskeletal usage. The lengths of these programs are typically 3 years long each (Normative Model of Physical Therapist Professional Education: Version 2004 ). All PTs must receive a graduat... ...e a long and tedious journey. However, in the end, all the hard work pays off. American Physical Therapy Association. Normative Model of Physical Therapist Professional Education. Version 2004. PT Evaluative Criteria: Revised January 2014. Published: October 26, 2004. Print "Benefits of a Physical Therapist Career." Benefits of a Physical Therapist Career. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. "Career as a Physical Therapist." Salary Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. "ExploreHealthCareers.org." Physical Therapist. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. "Physical Therapist (PT) Education Overview." Physical Therapist (PT) Education Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. "Role of a Physical Therapist." Role of a Physical Therapist. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. "Summary." U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 8 Jan. 2014. Web. 14 Jan. 2014.

Overdraft

An overdraft is when one has overdrawn at the bank. Meaning there is a negative balance due to spending more than the money that is in the bank. Bank overdraft is a temporary facility whereby a bank customer can withdraw more money than what is actually available in his/her account. Obviously the money doesn’t belong to them but belongs to the bank, so this money will need to be paid back. Normally, paying back is automatically done when money goes into the person’s account.However, a small amount of interest based on the amount overdrawn and the length of time overdrawn is charged, a bank overdraft is also a type of loan which can be used if required to provide additional working capital for a short period of time when there is a cash deficit. An overdraft is particularly useful when one has regular sales and purchases coming out of the account which could result in bad cash flow situations. The best thing to do is to avoid overdrafts entirely.Do this by creating a bud get, keeping an extra cash cushion in your account, managing your checkbook and checking your balance before making a purchase or writing a cheque. The advantage of a bank overdraft is that it is there when you need. It allows you to make essential payments whilst chasing up for your own payments, and helps to maintain cash flow. You only need to borrow what you need at the time. Overdrafts are also easy and quick to arrange, providing a good cash flow backup with the minimum of fuss.The disadvantages of a bank overdrafts is that it carries an interest and fees which is often at much higher rates than loans. This makes them very expensive for long term borrowing. You also face large charges if you go over the agreed overdraft limit. Unless specified in the terms and conditions, the bank can recall the entire overdraft at any time. This may happen if you fail to make other payments, or if you have broken terms and conditions; though sometimes the banks simply change their policies.Ov erdrafts may need to be secured against your business assets, which put them at risk if you cannot meet repayments. Unlike  loans  you can only get an overdraft from the bank where you maintain your current account. In order to get an overdraft elsewhere you need to transfer your  business bank account. Situation: Mr. T applied for an overdraft facility with collateral. He mortgaged his house in order to get an overdraft facility of RM200,000 with an interest of BLR-2. 2% with HSBC Bank (BLR-Base lending rate).RM200,000 is deposited into his account upon the completion of security documentation. Interest is only payable for the amount of money utilized and he is given a tenor of 10 years to repay back. If he does not utilize the RM 200,000, he need not pay any interest to the bank for that month. The bank only calculates interest for the utilized amount only on a daily basis. However, if he doesn’t utilize any money, the bank may impose a service charge. This type of ov erdraft facility is best for businessman.

How to Write an Instructional Outline

Before writing a set of instructions or a process-analysis essay, you may find it helpful to draft a simple instructional outline. Here well look at the basic parts of an instructional outline and then examine a sample, Breaking in a New Baseball Glove. Basic Information in an Instructional Outline For most topics, youll need to provide the following information in your instructional outline. Skill to be taught:Â  Clearly identify your topic.Materials and/or equipment needed:Â  List all the materials (with proper sizes and measurements, if appropriate) and any tools that are needed to complete the task.Warnings:Â  Explain under what conditions the task should be carried out if it is to be done safely and successfully.Steps:Â  List the steps according to the order in which they are to be carried out. In your outline, jot down a key phrase to represent each step. Later, when you draft a paragraph or essay, you can expand and explain each of these steps.Tests:Â  Tell your readers how they will be able to know if they have carried out the task successfully. A Sample Instructional Outline: Breaking In a New Baseball Glove Skill to be taught:Â  Breaking in a new baseball gloveMaterials and/or equipment needed:Â  a baseball glove; 2 clean rags; 4 ounces of neatsfoot oil, mink oil, or shaving cream; a baseball or softball (depending on your game); 3 feet of heavy stringWarnings:Â  Be sure to work outside or in the garage: this process can be messy. Also, dont count on using the glove for about a week. Steps: Using a clean rag, gently apply a thin layer of oil or shaving cream to the external parts of the glove. Dont overdo it: too much oil will damage the leather.Let your glove dry overnight.The next day, pound the baseball or softball several times into the palm of the glove.Wedge the ball into the palm of the glove.Wrap the string around the glove with the ball inside and tie it tightly.Let the glove sit for at least three or four days.Wipe the glove with a clean rag and then head out to the ball field.